(C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3592285]“
“Extraction of bromelain from pineapple peel (Nang Lae cultv) using

aqueous two phase system (ATPS) was optimized Some biochemical properties including collagen hydrolysis were also investigated Bromelain predominantly partitioned to the polyethylene glycol (PEG)-rich phase The highest enzyme activity recovery (113 54%) and purification fold (2 23) were presented in the top phase of 15% PEG2000-14% MgSO4 Protein pattern and activity staining showed the molecular weight (MW) of bromelain to be about 29 kDa Givinostat The extracted bromelain showed the highest relative activity at pH 7 0 and 55 C Its activity was decreased continuously by increasing NaCl concentration (up to 1 5% (w/v)) The

bromelain extract was applied to hydrolyze the skin collagen of beef and giant catfish (0-03 units) The beta alpha(1) alpha(2) of giant catfish skin collagen extensively degraded into small peptides when treated with 002 units of the bromelain extract Bovine collagen was hydrolyzed using higher bromelain up to 018 units This study showed the ATPS can be employed to partially purify bromelain from Nang Lae pineapple peel and the enzyme effectively hydrolyzed the collagens (C) 2010 Elsevier B V All rights reserved”
“A large number of JNJ-26481585 cost microsatellite genetic markers have been identified in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region. We investigated genetic polymorphism of the nine short tandem repeat (STR) loci (D6S276, MOGCA, D6S265, MIB, D6S273, G51152, TAP1CA, RING3CA, and D6S291) in the HLA region in the Shaanxi Han population. Using a fluorescence-labeled multiplex-PCR STR typing method, 6-13 alleles IPI-549 cost were detected in these nine STR

loci in 150 unrelated Han Chinese from the region of Shaanxi, China. The distributions of the genotypes at these nine loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. We conclude that these nine STR loci have a high level of genetic polymorphism; they would be useful for population genetic studies, pre-transplantation HLA typing, forensic and paternity testing, etc.”
“We report on the recent progress made toward development of a III-nitride based tunable hyperspectral detector pixel with the potential advantages of reduced hardware complexity and increased dynamic control on the detection parameters in the context of existing hyperspectral detection systems. We discuss the concept, experiments, and simulation of devices along with the different obstacles to be overcome before this technology can mature into a commercial application. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.

We found that (i) edge information alone is sufficient to elicit the body pattern known as Disruptive, which is the camouflage response given when a whole object is present, and furthermore, isolated edges cause the same response; and (ii) cuttlefish can distinguish and respond to objects of the same mean luminance as the background. CX-6258 nmr These observations emphasize the importance of discrete objects (bounded by edges) in the cuttlefish’s choice of camouflage, and more generally imply that figure-ground

segregation by cuttlefish is similar to that in vertebrates, as might be predicted by their need to produce effective camouflage against vertebrate predators.”
“The pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles of selleck compound oxytetracycline were investigated, when administered both alone and in the presence of carprofen, in healthy calves. The study comprised a four treatment, four sequences, and four period cross-over design and used a tissue cage model, which permitted the collection of serum, inflamed tissue cage fluid (exudate) and non-inflamed tissue cage fluid (transudate). There were no clinically relevant differences in the PK profile of oxytetracycline when administered

alone and when administered with carprofen. PK-PD integration was undertaken for a pathogenic strain of Mannheimia haemolytic (A1 76/1), by correlating in vitro minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and data with in vivo PK data obtained in the cross-over study. Based on in vitro susceptibility in cation adjusted Mueller Hinton Broth (CAMHB) and in vivo determined PK variables, ratios of maximum concentration (C-max) and area under PXD101 curve (AUC) to MIC and time for which concentration exceeded MIC (T> MIC) were determined. The CAMHB MIC data satisfied integrated PK/PD relationships predicted to achieve efficacy for approximately 48 h after dosing; mean values for serum were 5.13 (C-max/MIC), 49.3 h (T> MIC) and 126.6 h (AUC(96h)/MIC). Similar findings were obtained when oxytetracycline

was administered in the presence of carprofen, with PK-PD indices based on MIC determined in CAMHB. However, PK-PD integration of data, based on oxytetracycline MICs determined in the biological fluids, serum, exudate and transudate, suggest that it possesses, at most, limited direct killing activity against the M. haemolytica strain A1 76/1; mean values for serum were 0.277 (C-max/MIC), 0 h (T> MIC) and 6.84 h (AUC(96h)/MIC). The data suggest that the beneficial therapeutic effects of oxytetracycline may depend, at least in part, on actions other than direct inhibition of bacterial growth. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Ab initio calculations based on density functional theory have been performed to determine the properties of self-interstitial atoms (SIAs), vacancies, and single H and He atoms in hcp-Er.

Similarly, it was shown that a linear dispersion relation is obtained in the presence of the SiC substrate, and also for various distances between adjacent carbon layers for AA stacking. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3585829]“
“Objective. The aim of this study was to clarify the

sonographic features of the masseter muscle as indices for judging the efficacy p38 protein kinase of massage treatment.

Study design. Fifteen patients with temporomandibular disorder (10 with unilateral and 5 with bilateral muscle pain) underwent massage treatment alternately on the bilateral masseter and temporal muscles with an oral rehabilitation robot. Sonography was performed before and after treatment, and the masseter thickness and existence of anechoic areas were evaluated.

Results. The thickness on the symptomatic side

in the unilateral group significantly decreased after treatment. Anechoic areas were shown in 20 muscles (66.7%) before treatment, and disappeared or were reduced in size in 17 muscles (85.0%) BAY 80-6946 after treatment. The pretreatment thickness was significantly related to visual analog scale (VAS) scores regarding posttreatment muscle pain and massage impression. The existence of anechoic areas was relevant to VAS scores regarding muscle pain.

Conclusion. Masseter thickness and existence of anechoic areas might be related to the therapeutic efficacy regarding muscle pain. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010;110:517-526)”
“Background: Left ventricular (LV)-only pacing has a significant effect on delay in depolarization of parts of the ventricles that are likely oversensed in the right atrial channel. The study aimed to assess the impact of ventricular activation sequence on QRS oversensing and far-field endless-loop pacemaker tachycardia (ELT) in patients who received cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) devices.

Methods: The study examined 102 patients

with CRT devices. Oversensing artifacts in the atrial channel were inspected on intracardiac electrograms, and their timing with respect to the beginning of QRS was determined during DDD-right ventricular (RV), DDD-LV, DDD-biventricular (BiV), and AAI pacing modes. The occurrence Selleckchem ALK inhibitor of ELT during DDD-LV pacing with a postventricular atrial refractory period (PVARP) of 250 ms was also assessed.

Results: The timing of oversensing artifacts (in relation to the beginning of surface QRS) was dependent on ventricular activation sequence, occurring promptly following intrinsic activation via the right bundle branch (47.1 +/- 26.4 ms), later during RV pacing (108.7 +/- 22.5 ms) or BiV pacing (109.4 +/- 23.1 ms), and significantly later, corresponding to the final part of the QRS, during LV pacing (209.6 +/- 40.0 ms, range: 140-340 ms, P < 0.001). Oversensing was significantly more frequent during LV than during RV pacing (35.3% vs 22.5%, P < 0.

The Korean version of the SRS-22 questionnaire and the previously validated Short

Form-36 (SF-36) outcome instruments were mailed to 102 patients who had been treated surgically for idiopathic scoliosis. Eighty-two patients selleck compound responded to the first mailing of questionnaires and 64 of the first-time responders returned their second survey. The average age of the 64 patients (56 females and 8 males) was 18.3 years. Reliability assessment was determined by estimating Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. Concurrent validity was evaluated by comparing SRS-22 domains with relevant domains in the SF-36 questionnaire using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

The study demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.80-0.89) for function/activity, pain and mental

health, and good consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.50-0.79) for the remaining domains. The ICC of all domains demonstrated excellent test/retest reproducibility. Considering concurrent validity, 3 domains showed excellent correlation, 9 domains good, 25 domains moderate, and 3 domains poor.

The adapted Korean BIIB057 version of the SRS-22 questionnaire was successfully translated and showed acceptable measurement properties, and as such, is considered suitable for treatment outcome assessments in the Korean-speaking patients with idiopathic scoliosis.”
“The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of ultrasound and high-shear mixing on the properties of microparticles obtained by spray congealing. Dispersions containing 10% carbamazepine and 90% carrier Gelucire (R) 50/13 (w/w) were prepared using magnetic stirring, high-shear mixing, or ultrasound. Each preparation was made using hot-melt mixing spray congealing to obtain the microparticles. All microparticles presented a spherical shape with high encapsulation efficiency (499%).

High-shear mixing and ultrasound promoted a decrease in the size of microparticles (D-90) to 62.8 +/- 4.1 mu m and 64.9 +/- 3.3 mu m, respectively, while magnetic stirring produced microparticles with a size of 84.1 +/- 1.4 mu m. The use of ultrasound led to microparticles with increased moisture content as identified through sorption isotherm studies. AG-881 research buy In addition, rheograms showed distinct rheological behaviour among different dispersion preparations. Therefore, the technique used to prepare dispersions for spray congealing can affect specific characteristics of the microparticles and should be controlled during the preparation.”
“A 63-year-old woman was admitted because of sudden ischemic hemyplegia promptly cleared up by intravenous (IV) recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. On subsequent 2-dimensional echocardiogram, we observed an extremely mobile homogeneous mass attached by a short stalk to ventricular insertion of anterolateral papillary muscle chordae tendineae. The mass was surgically removed.

Conclusions Industrialized countries have varied widely in the extent of risk factor prevention, and its likely benefits for cardiometabolic mortality.”
“Transplantation surgery suffers from a shortage of donor organs worldwide. Cell injection and tissue engineering (TE), thus emerge as alternative therapy options. The purpose of this article is to review the progress of TE technology, focusing on mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) as a cell source for artificial functional tissue.

MSC from many different sources can be minimally

invasively harvested: peripheral blood, fat tissue, bone marrow, amniotic fluid, cord blood. In comparison to embryonic stem cells (ESC), there are no ethical concerns; MSC can be extracted from autologous click here or allogenic tissue and cause an immune modulatory effect by suppressing the graft-versus-host reaction (GvHD). Furthermore, MSC do not develop into teratomas

when transplanted, a consequence observed with ESC and iPS cells.

MSC MDV3100 as multipotent cells are capable of differentiating into mesodermal and non-mesodermal lineages. However, further studies must be performed to elucidate the differentiation capacity of MSC from different sources, and to understand the involved pathways and processes. Already, MSC have been successfully applied in clinical trials, e.g., to heal large bone defects, cartilage lesions, spinal cord injuries, cardiovascular diseases, hematological pathologies, osteogenesis imperfecta, and GvHD. A detailed understanding LY2835219 nmr of the behavior and homing of MSC is desirable to enlarge the clinical

application spectrum of MSC towards the in vitro generation of functional tissue for implantation, for example, resilient cartilage, contractile myocardial replacement tissue, and bioartificial heart valves.”
“Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is increasingly used to treat patients with aortic stenosis who are considered to be too high-risk for surgical replacement of the aortic valve. Although the procedural risks are decreasing, the occurrence of new conduction abnormalities remains a vexing issue. Both left bundle branch block and atrioventricular dissociation can affect prognosis after TAVI. Understanding the intimate relationship between the atrioventricular conduction axis and the aortic root, in addition to elucidation of factors related specifically to the procedure, devices, and patients, might help to reduce these conduction abnormalities. The purpose of this Review is to assess, and offer insights into, the available information on the frequency of new conduction abnormalities associated with TAVI, their anatomical and procedural causes, and their clinical consequences.”
“Background Within-person variability in measured values of a risk factor can bias its association with disease.

Research exploring the role of adipocytokines provides a novel possible metabolic link for these diseases.

Summary

Obesity

has a significant impact on the musculoskeletal system being associated with both degenerative and inflammatory conditions. Future research assessing the effects of obesity and weight loss as well as further elucidating the action of adipocytokines will aid in the assessment and management of this increasingly prevalent condition.”
“Purpose: To evaluate trends in the use of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and nephrolithotomy (NL) in patients with renal pelvis calculi.

Materials and selleckchem Methods: An analysis of the 5% Medicare Public Use Files (years 2001, 2004, 2007, and 2010) was performed to assess changes in the use of PCNL and NL over a 10-year period. Patients were identified using the International Classification of Diseases-9 (cm) Selleck Entinostat and Current Procedure Terminology codes. Statistical analyses, including the Fisher and chi-square tests and multivariate regression

analyses, were performed using SAS 9.3 (SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC) and SPSS v20 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY).

Results: A total of 26,100 patients underwent either PCNL or NL. Use of PCNL and NL decreased from 3.1% to 2.5% in patients with a diagnosis of stones (P<0.0001). Women (odds ration [OR] = 1.19, P=0.003) were more likely to undergo surgery. Patients aged >= 65 years were less likely to be treated (OR = 0.65-0.71, P<0.05). Patients treated after 2004 were less likely to

undergo surgery (OR = 0.77-0.84, P<0.05). The use of PCNL exceeded NL at a stable 10: 1 ratio.

Conclusions: The use of PCNL and NL for treatment of patients with stone disease slightly decreased from 2001 to 2010, although the number of patients with renal calculi increased. The use of PCNL vs NL was unchanged during this period. Multiple inequalities existed in overall surgical treatment rates and were influenced by sociodemographic Staurosporine factors such as age and sex.”
“The purpose of this study is to investigate if lumbar disc pathology identified on MRI scans is more common in patients with acute, likely discogenic, low back pain than matched controls.

We compared rates of MRI findings between 30 cases with low back pain and 30 pain-free controls. Cases were patients presenting for care with likely discogenic low back pain (demonstrated centralisation with repeated movement testing), of moderate intensity and with minimal past history of back pain. Controls were matched for age, gender and past history of back pain. Cases and controls underwent MRI scanning which was read for the presence of a range of MRI findings by two blinded assessors.

The compressing deformation is the main reason of the piezoresistivity of composite, but the piezoresistivity is more obvious when particles have larger size or polymer matrix has smaller Young’s Model. A research was done to explain the piezoresistivity through comparing Veliparib inhibitor CCB/SR

with CCB/high density polythene (HDP). The other interesting find is that the electrical resistance of composite decreases with time under an invariant load, showing “”electrical resistance creep”" behavior, which is due to the composite’s compressing strain creep under uniaxial pressure. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 116: 2035-2039, 2010″
“Recently, we have proposed a spin quantum cross structure (SQCS) device toward the realization of novel switching devices. The SQCS device consists of two

ferromagnetic metal thin films with their edges facing each other at an angle of theta, and sandwiches a few molecules and atoms. In this paper, the calculation of electronic transport has been performed for SQCS devices with the Ni noncollinear magnetic films as both electrodes within the framework selleck chemicals of the Anderson Hamiltonian, taking into consideration both polar angle theta, and azimuthal angle phi. We have obtained the general noncollinear spin transport formula, and the polar angle dependence of current-voltage characteristics of SQCS devices. The noncollinear spin transport is determined only by the angle theta defined by the inner product of two spins. Also, it is implied that SQCS devices can serve as multivalued memory devices by varying the angle theta. (C) 2010 American Institute Volasertib nmr of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3357330]“
“Background Low serum levels of the amino acid derivative, homoarginine, have been associated with increased risk of total and cardiovascular mortality. Homoarginine deficiency may be related to renal and heart diseases, but the pathophysiologic role of homoarginine and the genetic regulation of its serum levels are largely unknown.

Methods and Results In 3041 patients of the Ludwigshafen Risk and

Cardiovascular Health (LURIC) study referred for coronary angiography and 2102 participants of the Young Finns Study (YFS), we performed a genome-wide association study to identify genomic loci associated with homoarginine serum levels and tested for associations of identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms with mortality in LURIC. We found genome-wide significant associations with homoarginine serum levels on chromosome 2 at the carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I locus, on chromosome 5 at the alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 locus, and on chromosome 15 at the glycine amidinotransferase locus, as well as a suggestive association on chromosome 6 at the Homo sapiens mediator complex subunit 23 gene/arginase I locus. All loci harbor enzymes located in the mitochondrium are involved in arginine metabolism.

4-89.4%) in Era II (p = 0.498). Hospital mortality rate, the study endpoint, dropped from 16.0% (8/50) in Era I to 2.2% (6/270) in Era II (p = 0.000). Univariate analysis showed that MELD score (p = 0.002), pretransplant hepatorenal syndrome (p = 0.000) and Era I (p = 0.000) were significant in hospital mortality. Logistic regression analysis showed that only Era I (relative risk 9.758; 95% confidence interval, 2.885-33.002;

p = 0.000) was significant. In Era I, G/SLV < 40% had a relative risk of 7.8 (95% confidence interval, 1.225-49.677; p = 0.030). The hospital mortality rates for G/SLV < 40% were 50% (3/6) and 1.9% (1/52) in Era I and II respectively. In conclusion, through accumulation of experience, SFSG became less important

as a factor in hospital mortality.”
“Background: There is learn more a growing concern that global climate change will affect the potential for pathogen transmission by insect species that are vectors of human diseases. One of these species is the former European malaria vector, Anopheles atroparvus. Levels of population differentiation of An. atroparvus from southern Europe were characterized as a first attempt to elucidate patterns of population structure of this former malaria vector. Results are discussed in light of a hypothetical situation of re-establishment of malaria transmission.

Methods: Genetic and phenotypic variation was analysed in nine mosquito samples collected from five European countries, using eight microsatellite SB203580 loci and geometric morphometrics on 21 wing landmarks.

Results: Levels of genetic diversity were comparable to those reported for tropical malaria vectors. Staurosporine Low levels of genetic (0.004 < F(ST) < 0.086) and phenotypic differentiation were detected among An. atroparvus populations spanning over 3,000 km distance. Genetic differentiation (0.202 < F(ST) < 0.299) was higher between the sibling

species An. atroparvus and Anopheles maculipennis s.s. Differentiation between sibling species was not so evident at the phenotype level.

Conclusions: Levels of population differentiation within An. atroparvus were low and not correlated with geographic distance or with putative physical barriers to gene flow (Alps and Pyrenees). While these results may suggest considerable levels of gene flow, other explanations such as the effect of historical population perturbations can also be hypothesized.”
“Poly(4-vinylpyridine)s (P4VPs) fully and partially quaternized with dialkyloxyterphenyl groups were synthesized and characterized. These new polymers developed both liquid-crystalline (LC) properties and a light emission (luminescence) in the blue region. The mesomorphic behavior of the polymers was initially characterized by differential scanning calorimetry and polarizing optical microscopy and was further corroborated by X-ray diffraction analyses. The X-ray diffraction patterns showed in the low-angles region several equidistant diffraction peaks (d(001), d(002), d(003), …

On the post-operative days 7, 14, and 21, residual wound area was calculated and skin wound tissues were subjected to biopsy for further investigation.

Compared with unmodified artificial skin, gene-modified artificial skin resulted selleck inhibitor in a reduced wound contraction and a well-organized human epidermis and better formed dermis.

The results suggest that our two-layer, gene-modified artificial skin improved both vascularization

and epidermalization for skin regeneration. This technique could bring about a new approach in the treatment of burns and chronic wounds.”
“Background: Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) enables non-invasive quantification of cardiac output (CO) and thereby cardiac index (CI, CO indexed to body surface area). The aim of this study was to establish if CI decreases with age and compare the values to CI for athletes and

for patients with congestive heart failure (CHF).

Methods: CI was measured in 144 healthy volunteers (39 +/- 16 years, range 21-81 years, 68 females), in 60 athletes (29 +/- 6 years, 30 females) and in 157 CHF patients with ejection fraction (EF) below 40% (60 +/- 13 years, 33 females). CI was calculated using aortic flow by velocity-encoded CMR and is presented as mean +/- SD. Flow was validated Dinaciclib in vitro using a flow phantom and in 25 subjects with aorta and pulmonary flow measurements.

Results: There was a slight decrease of CI with age in healthy subjects (8 ml/min/m(2) per year, r(2) = 0.07, p = 0.001). CI in males (3.2 +/- 0.5 l/min/m(2)) and females (3.1 +/- 0.4 l/min/m(2)) did not differ (p = 0.64). The mean +/- SD of CI in healthy subjects in the age range of 20-29 was 3.3 +/- 0.4 l/min/m(2),

in 30-39 years 3.3 +/- 0.5 l/min/m(2), in 40-49 years 3.1 +/- 0.5 l/min/m(2), 50-59 years 3.0 +/- 0.4 l/min/m(2) and >60 Selleckchem Milciclib years 3.0 +/- 0.4 l/min/m(2). There was no difference in CI between athletes and age-controlled healthy subjects but HR was lower and indexed SV higher in athletes. CI in CHF patients (2.3 +/- 0.6 l/min/m(2)) was lower compared to the healthy population (p < 0.001). There was a weak correlation between CI and EF in CHF patients (r(2) = 0.07, p < 0.001) but CI did not differ between patients with NYHA-classes I-II compared to III-IV (n = 97, p = 0.16) or patients with or without hospitalization in the previous year (n = 100, p = 0.72). In vitro phantom validation showed low bias (-0.8 +/- 19.8 ml/s) and in vivo validation in 25 subjects also showed low bias (0.26 +/- 0.61 l/min, QP/QS 1.04 +/- 0.09) between pulmonary and aortic flow.

Conclusions: CI decreases in healthy subjects with age but does not differ between males and females. We found no difference in CI between athletes and healthy subjects at rest but CI was lower in patients with congestive heart failure. The presented values can be used as reference values for flow velocity mapping CMR.”
“Introduction The uniform distribution of collagen fibrils and proteoglycans maintain the transparency of normal cornea.

In our experience, the preferential use of active suprarenal fixation and aggressive use of proximal cuffs is associated with optimal results in these settings. Mid-term outcomes are comparable with those achieved in patients with suitable anatomy using a similar range of check details EVAR devices. Careful and mandatory long-term follow-up will be necessary to confirm the benefit of treating these high-risk anatomic patients. (C) 2013 European Society for Vascular Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Different types of migraine have been reported in 20-40% of patients with cerebral autosomal

dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). We describe a novel Ro-3306 inhibitor migrainous manifestation of CADASIL consisting in status migrainosus and persistent aura without infarction. The symptoms resolved after i.v. treatment with lorazepam and mannitol.”
“A heterologous gene expression system was created in a domestic Aspergillus awamori Co-6804 strain, which is a producer of glucoamylase. Vector pGa was prepared using promoter and terminator areas of the glucoamylase gene, and Aspergillus niger phytase, Trichoderma reesei endoglucanase, and Penicillium canescens xylanase genes were then cloned into pGa vector. Separation of enzyme samples using FPLC showed the amount of the recombinant proteins to be within the 0.6-14% range of total protein.”
“Objective: To evaluate

the automated 2D-3D image overlay system (“”3D Roadmap”") for use during endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) in the hybrid operating theater.

Methods: Thiazovivin cell line Datasets of preoperative CT images were modified to subtract dense bone marrow to improve the visualization of vasculature on the overlaid image, and allow for accurate navigation of the endovascular devices. The 3D-CT overlay image was registered

on the 2D fluoroscopy image to mark the iliac crest and lumbar vertebrae on both images as landmarks.

Results: Arteriography was performed only twice to confirm the precision of the position of renal artery and the final evaluation. Twenty patients underwent EVAR with Medtronic Endurant, Gore Excluder, or COOK Zenith using “”3D Roadmap”". The origin of the renal artery and iliac bifurcation were registered with complete accuracy in 10 patients (50%). The lower renal artery deviated toward the cranial side less than 3 mm in six patients. In all cases, EVAR was successful, and completed with the volume of contrast material limited to 43.8 +/- 3.1 mL.

Conclusion: “”3D Roadmap”" was confirmed to be valuable for visualization of vessel origin in a fused image and for reduction of contrast material during EVAR. (C) 2013 European Society for Vascular Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“SUNCT is a syndrome of short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing.