05), while CES-D scores were significantly higher in patients with interferon-based therapy at 12 weeks than those at start of treatment (8.3 ± 7.9 vs. 13.2 ± 6.0, p<0.001). Furthermore, the

relationship between CES-D scores and mean oxy-Hb changes in left temporal channels was significantly and positively correlated in patients with interferon-based therapy (r=0.74517, p<0.05). There was no significant difference in patients without interferon-based therapy. Conclusion: The decrease in oxy-Hb concentrations detected using NIRS probably reflects the prodromal phase of depression with decreasing activation Ixazomib in vivo of the frontal cortex and compensated left temporal blood volume. NIRS imaging is potentially

useful for the early detection of depression during interferon-based therapy for patients with CHC. Disclosures: The following people have nothing to disclose: Kazumichi Abe, Akira Wada, Sachie Oshima, Soichi Kono, Atsushi Takahashi, Yukiko Kanno, Hiromichi Imaizumi, Manabu Hayashi, Ken Okai, Shinichi Niwa, Hirooki Yabe, Hiromasa Ohira Purpose: Non-parenteral drug use, through insufflation AZD9668 mw or smoking, presents a risk for acquiring hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, but the prevalence estimates of HCV among non-injection drug users (NIDU) lack precision due to limited published research and surveillance data. This review aims to determine the global prevalence of HCV infection among persons who use non-injection drugs. Methods: A systematic review of peer-reviewed and grey literature was conducted in Cochrane Database, PubMed, EMBASE, DARE, Web of Science and CINAHL from January 2006 through December 2013. Two investigators independently reviewed abstracts to determine inclusion based on English language, laboratory confirmed anti-HCV or HCV RNA diagnosis, method of drug administration (snorting, sniffing or smoking), and lifetime drug injection status. Full articles meeting inclusion criteria were abstracted. Study quality was assessed based on representativeness of the study population, participant eligibility criteria and

selection, sample size, determination of exposure, confounders, and ascertainment of the outcome of interest (HCV infection). Pooled prevalence estimates Y27632 were obtained through random-effects meta-analysis using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. Heterogeneity was assessed by I2 statistic and moderated by subgroup analysis. Results: The search identified 11,360 articles. Of the 144 full articles reviewed, 23 cross-sectional studies featuring 25 distinct samples (N=7889) met inclusion criteria. Regional breakdown of the samples included Mexico, Central and South America (7); North America (7); Europe (5); Asia (3); 1 each from Africa, Australia, and the Middle East. Overall HCV prevalence among NIDU ranged from 0.6-40%.