6% type 1). Questionnaires were used to assess diabetes-specific

stress (PAID), psychological insulin resistance (BIT), diabetes-related self-care (SDSCA), and depressive and anxiety disorders (PHQ-D).\n\nResults: Diabetes-specific stress (PAID: 18.4 +/- 15.6) and psychological insulin resistance (BIT sum score: 3.2 +/- 1.4) were moderate. The prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders was Selleckchem P005091 11.1% and 4.4%, respectively. A subgroup of patients (10.7%, N=73) experienced high diabetes specific distress (PAID >= 40) and showed specific characteristics compared to patients with low distress: Those patients were significantly younger (55.2 +/- 15.0 vs. 59.8 +/- 14.3 years of age, FK506 cell line p < 0.05), more often affected by type 1 diabetes (41.7% vs. 27.2%, p<0.05) and in poorer diabetes control (HbA(1c): 78 +/- 1.3 vs. 74 +/- 1.2 %, p < 0.05). Depression (43.8% vs. 6.6%, p<0.001) and anxiety disorders (30.1 % vs. 3.9%, p<0.001( were much more common, and psychological insulin resistance was significantly higher in this specific subgroup (BIT sum score: 4.3 +/- 1.5 vs. 3.1 +/- 1.4, p<0.001).\n\nConclusion: Approximately 1 in 10 patients

with type 1 diabetes treated in SDPs are affected by severe diabetes-specific stress.”
“Zinc (Zn) deficiency is a widespread problem which reduces yield and grain nutritive value in many cereal growing regions of the world. While there is considerable genetic variation in tolerance to Zn deficiency (also known as Zn efficiency), phenotypic selection is difficult and would benefit from the development of molecular markers. A doubled haploid population derived from a cross between the Zn signaling pathway inefficient

genotype RAC875-2 and the moderately efficient genotype Cascades was screened in three experiments to identify QTL linked to growth under low Zn and with the concentrations of Zn and iron (Fe) in leaf tissue and in the grain. Two experiments were conducted under controlled conditions while the third examined the response to Zn in the field. QTL were identified using an improved method of analysis, whole genome average interval mapping. Shoot biomass and shoot Zn and Fe concentrations showed significant negative correlations, while there were significant genetic correlations between grain Zn and Fe concentrations. Shoot biomass, tissue and grain Zn concentrations were controlled by a number of genes, many with a minor effect. Depending on the traits and the site, the QTL accounted for 12-81% of the genetic variation. Most of the QTL linked to seedling growth under Zn deficiency and to Zn and Fe concentrations were associated with height genes with greater seedling biomass associated with lower Zn and Fe concentrations. Four QTL for grain Zn concentration and a single QTL for grain Fe concentration were also identified.