Objective: We investigated whether childhood bone mass is influenced by maternal body mass index (BMI) via an intrauterine mechanism by comparing parental associations.
Design: We conducted a multivariable regression analysis of 7121 children in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Total body less head (TBLH) and spine bone Measures were derived from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans at a mean age of 9.9 y. Maternal and paternal BMI values were derived from self-reported weight and height during pregnancy.
Results: Maternal prepregnancy BMI (SD score) was positively associated with offspring TBLH bone mineral content and bone find more mineral density (SD scores) [mean difference
(95% CD: boys, 0.19 (0.16, 0.23) and 0.15 (0.12, 0.19), BIBF 1120 in vivo respectively; girls, 0.23 (0.19, 0.26) and 0.19 (0.16, 0.23), respectively] and spine bone mineral content and bone mineral density [boys, 0.20 (0.16, 0.24) and 0.18 (0.14, 0.22), respectively; girls, 0.22 (0.18, 0.26) and 0.21 (0.17, 0.25), respectively] and with TBLH and spine bone area and spine area adjusted bone mineral content. Associations of paternal BMI with these outcomes were similar, with no statistical evidence of a difference between maternal and paternal effects. Maternal associations were partly explained by offspring birth weight and gestational age and attenuated to the null after adjustment
for offspring height and weight.
Conclusion: The positive relation between maternal prepregnancy BMI and offspring bone mass is likely due to shared familial, genetic, and environmental characteristics rather than to
an intrauterine mechanism. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;92:872-80.”
“The Galardin ic50 objective of our study was to estimate the incidence and to identify the risk factors for reoperation of surgically treated pelvic organ prolapse (POP).
We conducted a nested case-control study among 1,811 women who underwent POP surgery from January 1988 to June 2007. Cases (n = 102) were women who required reoperation for POP following the first intervention through December 2008. Controls (n = 226) were women randomly selected from the same cohort who did not require reoperation.
The incidence of POP reoperation was 5.1 per 1,000 women-years. The cumulative incidence was 5.6%. Risk factors included preoperative prolapse in more than two vaginal compartments (adjusted OR 5.2; 95% CI 2.8-9.7), history of surgery for POP and/or urinary incontinence (adjusted OR 3.2; 95% CI 1.5-7.1), and sexual activity (adjusted OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.0-3.7).
The risk of POP reoperation is relatively low and is associated with preexisting weakness of pelvic tissues.”
“We report on the properties of nonpolar a-plane (Zn,Mg)O/ZnO quantum wells (QW) grown by molecular beam epitaxy on r plane sapphire and a plane ZnO substrates.