Table 1 Geometrical and physical properties AZD2281 cost of the wires   Ag microwire Ag nanowire Al nanowire Side length, w (μm) 1.000

0.1000 0.1000 Cross-sectional area, A (×10-2 μm2) 100.0 1.000 1.000 Melting point, T m (×103 K) 1.234 0.873 [30] (exp.) 0.736 [31] (num.) Thermal conductivity at RT, λ (×10-4 W/μm∙K) 4.200 3.346 [28] (num.) 1.150 [32] (num.) https://www.selleckchem.com/products/chir-99021-ct99021-hcl.html electrical resistivity at RT, ρ 0 (×10-2 Ω∙μm) 1.590 11.90 [29] (exp.) 6.20 [32] (exp.) Electrical resistivity at T m, ρ m (×10-2 Ω∙μm) 7.200 37.80 17.72 To clarify the melting behavior of the mesh, the fundamental theoretical analyses [27] on the corresponding electrothermal problem is summarized in the following. First, as shown in Figure  2a, a horizontal mesh segment (i.e., a wire) between node

(i - 1, j) and (i, j) with an electrically and thermally insulated surface was considered, where the current flows from node (i - 1, j) to (i, j). Based on Ohm’s law, the current density j in the mesh AZD8931 segment can be calculated as (1) Figure 2 Theoretical analysis on the electrothermal problem of the wire mesh. (a) Mesh segment, (b) current passing through mesh node (i, j), and (c) heat energy passing through mesh node (i, j). Here, φ is the electrical potential, and x is the axial coordinate in the mesh segment with the direction rightward for horizontal segment and upward for vertical segment. Using Fourier’s law, the heat flux q in can be calculated as (2) where T is temperature. By ignoring heat transfer of the mesh to the underlying substrate for simplicity, the heat conduction equation can be given as (3) Assuming that the temperatures of nodes (i - 1, j) and (i, j) are T (i-1.j) (x = 0) and T (i,j) (x = l), temperature distribution in the mesh segment can be obtained by solving Equation 3 as (4) Note that in the present simulation, ρ m was used for ρ to approximate real condition neglecting the effect of the temperature dependence of electrical resistivity. Second, as shown in Figure  2b,c,

the current and heat energy passing through a mesh node (i, j) with four adjacent nodes were considered. In Figure  Gemcitabine 2b, the current is assumed to flow rightward in the horizontal direction and upward in the vertical direction. According to Kirchhoff’s current law, we have (5) Here, I external is the external input/output current at node (i, j), and I internal is the sum of internal currents flowing through the node (i, j) from its four adjacent nodes. By assuming that the current flowing into the node is positive and the current flowing out of the node is negative, we can obtain (6) where the subscript of j denotes the corresponding mesh segment. Taking into account a system of linear equations for the node (i, j) composed of Equations 1, 5, and 6, the current density in any mesh segment can be obtained.