[2] In some countries BD is seen more frequently in women (male-to-female ratio: Scotland 0.36; USA 0.38; Spain 0.50; Yorkshire 0.60; Korea 0.63; Israel 0.64; Sweden 0.67; Brazil 0.69; Japan 0.98). In Portugal men and women are equally seen, but in other countries males predominate (Turkey 1.03; Iran; 1.19; Lebanon 1.3; France 1.32; China 1.34; Germany 1.4; Ireland 1.4; Greece 1.4; Morocco 2.0; Italy 2.4; Tunisia 2.7; Jordan

2.8; Iraq 3.0; Saudi Arabia 3.4; Russia 3.7; Kuwait 4.9). The mean age at the onset of the disease is differently reported,[2] but for the majority of countries, SB203580 datasheet it is in the third decade of life: Ireland 20.8; UK (Yorkshire) 24.7; Italy 25; Turkey 25.6; Portugal 25.7; Germany 26; Lebanon 26; Iran 26.2; Egypt 26.2; France 27.6; Tunisia 28.7; Greece 29; Korea 29; Saudi Arabia 29.3; and Iraq 29.4. It is reported higher in life in: Jordan 30.1; Israel 30.7; USA 31; Sweden 33; India 33.1; China 33.8; Japan 35.7; and Brazil 40. As a multisystem disease, clinical manifestations can involve nearly all systems of the body.[2, 4] Oral aphthosis (OA) is the most frequent

manifestation, seen in more than 95% of patients in nearly all reports. In the international cohort of patients (2556 BD) gathered from 27 countries (International Criteria for Behcet’s Disease [ICBD]), it was seen in 98.1% of patients.[5] It is a painful round or oval ulceration, with well-defined borders and surrounded by a red areola. It has a white-yellowish necrotic base. The second most frequent lesion is genital aphthosis seen in two-thirds to four-fifths of patients (in 76.9% check details of ICBD patients). The lesion resembles oral aphthosis, but is larger and lasts longer. Skin manifestations are also very frequent: pseudofolliculitis (also called Behcet’s pustulosis)

and erythema nodosum. Skin aphthosis, although rarely seen, is characteristic of BD. Skin manifestations are also frequent, seen in two-thirds to four-fifths of patients in different countries, and in 71.9% of ICBD patients. The next frequent manifestation is ophthalmological involvement, reported differently from different countries (depending from which center it is reported: dermatologic, rheumatologic or ophthalmologic). It was reported in 29% (Turkey) to 92% (Italy) of cases. In nationwide surveys (China, Germany, Iran, Japan, Korea), it found in 35% to Idoxuridine 69% of patients. It was seen in 53.7% of ICBD patients (anterior uveitis 38.8%, posterior uveitis 36.9% and retinal vasculitis in 23.5%). These are the major manifestations of the disease. The other manifestations are classically called minor manifestations. The most frequent of these are joint manifestations, which are also frequent, but less than the major manifestations. They were reported in 30% to 57% of the nationwide surveys and in 50.5% of ICBD patients. Different forms of involvement can be seen, from arthralgia to arthritis (mono, oligo or polyarthritis, and secondary ankylosing spondylitis).