In the last cycle, the elongation step was extended to 10 minutes. PCR product (300 bp) was separated in 2% agarose gel. Oxidant/antioxidant status of liver tissue

Accurately weighed pieces of liver tissue were treated differently to study the oxidant/antioxidant status of the liver. Two portions were used to prepare 10% homogenate in 1.15% KCl and 5% homogenate in 3% sulfosalicylic acid, centrifuged at 1000 ×g at 4°C for 20 minutes. Resulted supernatants were used for the assay of malondialdehyde (MDA) as described by Yoshioka et al. [20] and glutathione (GSH) according to Srivastava and YM155 Beutler [21] levels, respectively. Portion of the liver was homogenized in Tris-sucrose buffer pH 7.4 (10% homogenate) and centrifuged at 15,000 ×g, at 4°C for 30 minutes, using Dupont-Sorvall Ultracentrifuge (USA), to isolate the cytosolic fraction. Cytosolic fraction

was used for glutathione peroxidase (GPX) assay as described by Arthur and Boyne [22] and glutathione reductase (GR) according EVP4593 to Long and Carson [23]. Protein concentration of the above supernatant was estimated by the method of Lowry et al. [24]. Histopathological examination of liver sections of the different groups Slices of liver tissue were fixed in formal-saline, dehydrated in alcohol series and embedded in paraffin wax. Serial sections were made from each paraffin block, stained by eosin and hematoxlin dyes, and then submitted to histopathological examination under light microscope (Olympus Optical Corp., Tokyo, Japan). Statistical analyses RAPD-PCR banding patterns of the liver samples were scored for the presence (1) or for selleck products absence (0) of each amplified band. All RAPD assays were repeated thrice and only the reproducible bands were scored. For considering a marker as polymorphic, the absence of an amplified product in at least one sample was used as a criterion. For genetic distance analysis, data sets were fed into the clustering program of SPSS (Version 14.0) and similarity matrix PtdIns(3,4)P2 was determined using Jaccard’s coefficient. Next, distance matrix (distance = 1 – similarity) was calculated. Based on similarity

matrices using the unweighted pair group method analysis, STATISTICA program for Windows, 1995 (StatSoft, Inc., USA) was used to generate UPGMA dendrogram [25]. The Chi-square test was used to analyze the data obtained. Results of oxidant/antioxidant status were analyzed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Kruskal-Wallis test using SPSS software (Ver. 14.0). Differences were considered statistically significant if P < 0.05. Results RAPD analysis RAPD analysis of liver samples was carried out using four different primers. The results revealed that approximately 37 different banding patterns were obtained. Amplification with EZ primer generated 3 monomorphic bands and 6 polymorphic bands in a total of 9-banded RAPD patterns (Fig. 1).