This supports the finding that the Zn accumulation traits are mainly determined by the root and that Zn accumulation itself is not the reason for the co-segregation. This study demonstrates that crossing accessions with contrasting Zn accumulation traits is a potent tool to investigate the mechanisms behind metal hyperaccumulation. Four tentatively identified root proteins showed co-segregation with high or low Zn accumulation: manganese superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase, S-formyl glutathione hydrolase, and translation elongation factor 5A-2. However, these proteins may not be the direct determinants of Zn SB273005 Cytoskeletal Signaling inhibitor accumulation.
The role of these and other tentatively identified proteins in Zn accumulation and tolerance is discussed.”
“Urea-formaldehyde resins modified by melamine were synthesized by four catalysts (H(2)SO(4),
HCl, H(3)PO(4), and NaOH/NH(4)OH) with a F/U/M molar ratio of 1.38/1/0.074. Resin structure and thermal behavior were studied by (13)C-NMR and DSC techniques. For H(2)SO(4), HCl, and H(3)PO(4) catalysts, resins were prepared by two stage pH adjustment: the first pH stage was set at 1.25 (H(3)PO(4) pH 1.60) and second pH stage was set at 5.0. For the NaOH/NH(4)OH catalyst, the resin was set at pH 5.0 from the start. Of the four catalysts, HCl catalyzed resins, with the highest free urea and lowest free formaldehyde, consistently yielded the lowest formaldehyde emission; NaOH/NH(4)OH catalyst resulted in the best IB strength tested at dry conditions LY2090314 price and also after 24 h cold water soak and the lowest water absorption and thickness swell. The resins catalyzed with H(3)PO(4) had the highest free formaldehyde and no free urea yielding the highest formaldehyde emission. Each DSC thermogram was proceeded by a weak exothermic peak and followed by an obvious endothermic peak. The exothermic peak temperatures were 125.0, 131.1, 111.4, and 125.2 degrees C, and endothermic peak temperatures were 135.8, Vorinostat order 147.6, 118.9, and 138.4 degrees C, respectively, for H(2)SO(4), HCl, H(3)PO(4), and NaOH/NH(4)OH catalysts. The close proximity of the peak temperatures
of the exothermic and endothermic reactions strongly suggests that there is potential interference of heat flow between the exothermic and endothermic reactions which may impact resin curing. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.dagger J Appl Polym Sci 119: 3538-3543, 2011″
“Background: Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are increasingly used as a tool for the diagnosis of malaria, both in endemic and in non-endemic settings. The present study reports the results of an external quality assessment (EQA) session on RDTs in a non-endemic setting.
Methods: After validation of antigen stability during shipment at room temperature, three clinical samples and a questionnaire were sent to clinical laboratories in Belgium and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg using malaria RDTs.